
Scotland Genealogical Records
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Scotland

Scotland Birth & Baptism Records

The baptism registers of Scotland provide details of births from to . Entries usually record parents' names (with mother's maiden name) and date of birth and/or baptism.

An index to births registered to British Army personal at home and abroad.

An index to over 100,000 birth and christening notices from The London Times.

An index to children born to British parents at sea. The index contains the name of both parents, child's name, date of birth and other details. Provides a reference to order a birth certificate.

An index to children born to British parents at sea. The index contains the name of both parents, child's name, date of birth and other details. Provides a reference to order a birth certificate.

Scotland Marriage & Divorce Records

The marriage registers of Scotland are the primary source for marriage details before civil registration. A full index to names with original images of the registers are available between and .

An index to marriages registered for British Army personal at home and abroad.

An index to over 80,000 marriage and engagement notices from The London Times.

A full name index connected to original images of the marriage registers of Gretna Green, Scotland. These registers contain thousands of records for couples from England and Wales who interloped to the Scottish borders to circumvent laws governing marriages in England and Wales.

An index to marriages of British citizens overseas that were registered with the British Consul or High Commissioner Provides a reference that can be used to order a marriage certificate.

Scotland Death & Burial Records

The burial registers of Scotland provide details of deaths from to . Entries usually record no more than the deceased's name; occasionally an age and cause of death are given.


A searchable database of over 1 million Jewish burials with photographs of the matzevot.

An index to over 54,000 death notices and obituaries from The London Times.

A name index linked to images of original documents detailing around 950,000 deaths of those who worked on the seas and related industries.

Scotland Church Records

Index to names and images of the original baptism registers of Scotland. They commonly record the date of birth or baptism with parents' names (often including the mother's maiden name).


An index to thousands of Scots who were persecuted for not recognising the King as head of the Scottish Church. Contains details of their baptism and references to sources detailing their persecution

A directory listing Anglican parishes and other divisions of the Church or England hierarchy and their various religious officers. The directory covers the UK and Anglican churches throughout the world.

Brief biographical details on all Anglican clergy in Britain & the Episcopal Church in Scotland.

Scotland Census & Population Lists

The 1901 census gives details on 4.5 million people living in Scotland in 1901. Details include, age, birthplace, occupation, relationships to others, disabilities and more. Each person is indexed and linked to images of the original schedules.

The 1901 census provides details on an individual's age, residence, place of birth, relations and occupation. FindMyPast's index allows searches on for multiple metrics including occupation and residence.

The 1891 census gives details on 4 million people living in Scotland in 1891. Details include, age, birthplace, occupation, relationships to others, disabilities and more. Each person is indexed and linked to images of the original schedules.

The 1891 census provides details on an individual's age, residence, place of birth, relations and occupation. FindMyPast's index allows searches on for multiple metrics including occupation and residence.

The 1881 census gives details on 3.75 million people living in Scotland in 1881. Details include, age, birthplace, occupation, relationships to others, disabilities and more. Each person is indexed and linked to images of the original schedules.

Scotland Wills & Probate Records

A index to testators whose will was proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. They principally cover those who lived in the lower two thirds of Britain, but contain wills for residents of Scotland, Ireland, British India and other countries. A copy of each will may be purchased for digital download.

An index and digital images of PCC wills, available on a subscription basis.

Newspapers Covering Scotland

A 'radical' newspaper founded and initially edited by Charles Dickens. Regularly published birth, marriage and death announcements.

An index connected to pages of the the official newspaper of record of Scotland. It contains numerous official notices from government, ecclesiastical bodies, legal firms, businesses and individuals. Contains many probate and insolvency notices.

Essentially a collection of lengthy, early political columns on any number of topics. The columns have a focus on political reforms.

A moderate liberal newspaper published in London, but covering news throughout the British Empire. Regularly published births, marriages and deaths.

A collection of the first 45 years editions of The Times. Early editions only contain family and personal notices for the upper class, but contain many notices on business and legal proceedings.

Scotland Obituaries

The UKs largest repository of obituaries, containing millions of searchable notices.

A growing collection currently containing over 425,000 abstracts of obituaries with reference to the location of the full obituary.

A collection of 364 obituaries of Quakers from the British Isles. The volume was published in 1849 and includes obituaries of those who died in late 1847 through 1848.

This transcribed and searchable work by Sir William Musgrave contains 10,000s of brief obituaries. The work is a reference point for other works containing information on an individual.

Scotland Cemeteries

Photographs and transcriptions of millions of gravestones from cemeteries around the world.

Scotland Directories & Gazetteers

Historical and contemporary descriptions of settlements, detailing their governance, churches, schools etc.; to which is appended lists of residents, with their occupations.

Historical and contemporary descriptions of settlements, detailing their governance, churches, schools etc.; to which is appended lists of residents, with their occupations.

A directory of the court, parliament, aristocracy, mayors, civil service, military, militia and banks in the British Empire.

Historical and contemporary descriptions of settlements, detailing their governance, churches, schools etc.; to which is appended lists of residents, with their occupations.

An alphabetical directory to London & county town's businesses & private residents, with occupation and residence. Also includes brief descriptions of hundreds of towns supplemented by lists of leading private and commercial residents.

Scotland Court & Legal Records

The Privicy Council dealt with a wide spectrum of issues pertaining to administration, the economy, politics and social affairs.

Details on the parole and revocation thereof, of over 4,400 female prisoners.

A publication giving brief details of bankruptcies, including the names of parties and companies involed.

A calendar to records detailing the proceedings of numerous cases, particularly marriage, divorce, separation and legitimacy. These records cover all of Scotland.

Transcripts of charters granted by the Great Seal of Scotland. Largely consists of royal grants of lands and confirmations. In Latin.

Scotland Taxation Records

An index linked to original images of registers recording apprenticeship indentures. Details are given on the trade and nature of apprenticeship. Many records list the parents of the apprentice.

A report detailing the manner in which customs and excise are dealt with in Scotland.

Scotland Land & Property Records

A list of people who owned more than one acre of land in Scotland. Lists a landowner's residence, acreage and estimated gross yearly rental.

A collection of various land valuation documents extending as far back as 1650, but primarily covering the period after 1884. Useful for establishing the ancestry of land owners and their tenants.

Poll books record the names of voters and the direction of their vote. Until 1872 only landholders could vote, so not everyone will be listed. Useful for discerning an ancestor's political leanings and landholdings. The collection is supplemented with other records relating to the vote.

Detailed abstracts of early legal records covering numerous topics. The records cover many Scottish counties, but predominately those in the vicinity of Edinburgh.

Scotland Occupation & Business Records

Books listing doctors who were licensed to operate in Britain and abroad. Contains doctor's residencies, qualification and date of registration.

A rich collection of records documenting those who worked for railway companies that were later absorbed by the government. Records include: staff registers, station transfers, pensions, accident records, apprentice records, caution books, and memos. Records may include date of birth, date of death and name of father.

Indexed medical journals from British ships containing personal and medical details of patients. The journals list names, ages, rank/status, diseases, illness duration and notes on symptoms and treatment. Contains details on military men as well as people immigrating or being deported to colonies.

This collection gives brief details on the appointment of over 1.4 million people who worked for the Post Office. Includes references to corresponding data in the Postmaster General’s minute books and is a starting point for research in the rich archive of the British Postal Museum.

An index linked to original images of registers recording apprenticeship indentures. Details are given on the trade and nature of apprenticeship. Many records list the parents of the apprentice.

Scotland School & Education Records

A name index linked to original images of short biographies for over 120,000 Oxford University students. This is a particularly useful source for tracing the ancestry of the landed gentry.

A transcript of a vast scholarly work briefly chronicling the heritage, education and careers of over 150,000 Cambridge University students. This is a particularly useful source for tracing the ancestry of the landed gentry.

A directory of registered teachers – their current school and date of registration. Also contains details on officers and operations of the Teachers Registration Council.

A collection of biographies (some with portraits) from throughout the world.

Pedigrees & Family Trees Covering Scotland

Extensive and impeccably sourced genealogies for British, Irish & Manx royalty and nobility. Scroll down to 'British Isles' for relevant sections.

A searchable database of linked genealogies compiled from thousands of reputable and not-so-reputable sources. Contains many details on European gentry & nobility, but covers many countries outside Europe and people from all walks of life.

A compilation of lineage-linked family trees submitted by Ancestry users. The database contains over 2 billion individuals and is searchable by numerous metrics.

A lengthy working charting the descendants of Edward III, of England by the esteemed genealogist, The Marquis of Ruvigny. Contains much information from family archives.

Lineages and biographies for noted families not eligible to be listed in Burke's Peerage or Landed Gentry publications.

Scotland Royalty, Nobility & Heraldry Records

Extensive and impeccably sourced genealogies for British, Irish & Manx royalty and nobility. Scroll down to 'British Isles' for relevant sections.

A searchable database of linked genealogies compiled from thousands of reputable and not-so-reputable sources. Contains many details on European gentry & nobility, but covers many countries outside Europe and people from all walks of life.


Lengthy biographies accompanied by portraits of notable persons from British History. Primary covers royalty and nobility.

A lengthy working charting the descendants of Edward III, of England by the esteemed genealogist, The Marquis of Ruvigny. Contains much information from family archives.

Scotland Military Records

A searchable list of over 100,000 British Army POWs. Records contains details on the captured, their military career and where they were held prisoner.

Details on around 165,000 men serving in the British Army, Navy and Air Force who were held as prisoners during WWII.

Index and original images of over 5 million medal index cards for British soldiers It can be searched by individual's name, Coprs, Unit and Regiment. Due to the loss of many WWI service records, this is the most complete source for British WWI soldiers

This rich collection contains contains records for 1.9 million non-commissioned officers and other ranks who fought in WWI. Due to bomb damage in WWI, around 60% of service records were lost. Documents cover: enlistment, medical status, injuries, conduct, awards and discharge. A great deal of genealogical and biographical documentation can be found in these documents, including details on entire families, physical descriptions and place of birth.

An index to nearly 900,000 military personnel who were awarded the Silver War Badge for sustaining injures. Records include rank, regimental number, unit, dates of enlistment and discharge, and reason for discharge.

Scotland Immigration & Travel Records

A name index connected to original images of passenger lists recording people travelling from Britain to destinations outside Europe. Records may detail a passenger's age or date of birth, residence, occupation, destination and more.

A full index of passenger lists for vessels arriving in the UK linked to original images. Does not include lists from vessels sailing from European ports. Early entries can be brief, but later entries may include dates of births, occupations, home addresses and more. Useful for documenting immigration.

Details on thousands of 17th century British immigrants to the U.S., detailing their origins and nature of their immigration.

A list of over 40,000 passengers traveling from North America to the British Isles. Details of passengers may include: occupation, nationality, gender, age, martial status, class, destination, and details of the vessel they sailed on.

An un-indexed collection of over 100,000 documents of correspondence and other documents of the Home Office and the Aliens Office. Contains a great deal of information on aliens and those who applied for naturalisation.

Scotland Histories & Books

A growing database including millions of photographs of the United Kingdom, Isle of Man and Ireland catalogued by latitude & longitude and OS grid reference.

Over 19,000 postcards depicting places in the UK & Ireland.

A sprawling website setting out and describing the historical divisions of Britain. Also contains countless maps of various sorts. Covers the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man & has fleeting details of other localities.

Over 7 million remembrances and historic details submitted by Ancestry members. Useful for local historians.

Over 60 million historic photographs and documents submitted to Ancestry. This rich collection contains many rare sources of interest to local historians and will be relevant to most genealogical research.

Biographical Directories Covering Scotland

A name index linked to original images of short biographies for over 120,000 Oxford University students. This is a particularly useful source for tracing the ancestry of the landed gentry.

A transcript of a vast scholarly work briefly chronicling the heritage, education and careers of over 150,000 Cambridge University students. This is a particularly useful source for tracing the ancestry of the landed gentry.


A compendium of biographies of thousands of Scottish Jacobites.

A directory containing lengthy biographies of noted British figures. The work took over two decades to compile. Biographies can be searched by name and are linked to images of the original publication.

Scotland Maps

A sprawling website setting out and describing the historical divisions of Britain. Also contains countless maps of various sorts. Covers the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man & has fleeting details of other localities.


An interactive index to thousands of maps covering the world, continents, countries and regions. The majority of maps cover Britain and Ireland.

Scotland Reference Works


A comprehensive guide to researching the history of buildings in the British Isles.

A dictionary of words used in heraldry, supplemented with over 1,000 illustrations.


Scotland Information

Historical Description
Scotland is the Northern part of Great Brittain, and separated from England by the River Tweede, and Solway, and the Hills extending from the one to the other. It is in length 480 miles, but of small breadth, no place being distant from the Sea above 60 miles.
Division
This Countrey is divided into 25 Shires; the Cities and Towns whereof are neither fair nor many.
In general, their Towns and Cities for number, building, or pleasantness, are not comparable to those in England; neither are their Gentlemens or Noblemens Houses so frequent, or so stately built, as the better sort of the English. For their Villages, they are of Clay, covered with Straw, being much more frequent than in England, yet not so commodious within. Among the Kings Palaces, that of Edenburgh and Sterling for building, and Fawlkland for pleasure of hunting, are chief.
Fertility
On the West-side of this Countrey are many Woods, Mountains, and Lakes; on the East-side toward the Sea it is fruitfull in Corn, especially in Barley and Oats. It abounds in Fish, and hath plenty of Cattel, yet not so big as ours; their Horses are little, but full of spirit, and patient of labour.
Natures of the People
The People in general are much given to Venery: those that inhabit the South, are the best, and civillest, and speak the English Language; but those in the Northern part are savage and uncivil, termed Silvesters.
About Scotland in the Irish Ocean are above 40 Islands, termed Merania and Hebrides: the biggest of these in length exceeds not 30 miles, and in breadth not above 12; the chief whereof is Pomonia, well known by the Episcopal Seat, and yielding both Tin and Lead.
— A Geographical Description of the World by George Meriton (1634-1711), written: 1671
Surnames Found in Scotland
| Rank | Surname | No. of People | % of Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Smith | 52707 | 1.41 |
| 2 | McDonald | 47487 | 1.27 |
| 3 | Robertson | 41171 | 1.10 |
| 4 | Brown | 41071 | 1.10 |
| 5 | Wilson | 37740 | 1.01 |
| 6 | Campbell | 37365 | 1.00 |
| 7 | Thomson | 35069 | 0.94 |
| 8 | Stewart | 34806 | 0.93 |
| 9 | Anderson | 34031 | 0.91 |
| 10 | McKenzie | 29534 | 0.79 |
| 11 | Scott | 27745 | 0.74 |
| 12 | Reid | 23936 | 0.64 |
| 13 | McKay | 23824 | 0.64 |
| 14 | Ross | 22860 | 0.61 |
| 15 | Fraser | 22266 | 0.59 |
| 16 | Murray | 22062 | 0.59 |
| 17 | McLean | 20792 | 0.56 |
| 18 | McLeod | 20099 | 0.54 |
| 19 | Young | 20059 | 0.54 |
| 20 | Cameron | 19895 | 0.53 |
| 21 | Henderson | 19500 | 0.52 |
| 22 | Clark | 19044 | 0.51 |
| 23 | Taylor | 18948 | 0.51 |
| 24 | Mitchell | 18532 | 0.50 |
| 25 | Paterson | 18386 | 0.49 |
| 26 | Watson | 18195 | 0.49 |
| 27 | Morrison | 17690 | 0.47 |
| 28 | Walker | 17435 | 0.47 |
| 29 | Miller | 16680 | 0.45 |
| 30 | Davidson | 16485 | 0.44 |
| 31 | Duncan | 15970 | 0.43 |
| 32 | Gray | 15399 | 0.41 |
| 33 | Johnston | 15244 | 0.41 |
| 34 | Ferguson | 15195 | 0.41 |
| 35 | Grant | 15143 | 0.40 |
| 36 | Hunter | 14666 | 0.39 |
| 37 | Hamilton | 14141 | 0.38 |
| 38 | Allan | 13725 | 0.37 |
| 39 | Simpson | 13363 | 0.36 |
| 40 | Graham | 13168 | 0.35 |
| 41 | Kerr | 12963 | 0.35 |
| 42 | Bell | 12801 | 0.34 |
| 43 | McGregor | 12680 | 0.34 |
| 44 | Black | 12507 | 0.33 |
| 45 | Sutherland | 12490 | 0.33 |
| 46 | Martin | 11919 | 0.32 |
| 47 | Munro | 11782 | 0.31 |
| 48 | Sinclair | 11684 | 0.31 |
| 49 | Gordon | 11338 | 0.30 |
| 50 | McIntosh | 11308 | 0.30 |
| 51 | Milne | 11207 | 0.30 |
| 52 | McFarlane | 11144 | 0.30 |
| 53 | McPherson | 10906 | 0.29 |
| 54 | McMillan | 10884 | 0.29 |
| 55 | Wallace | 10655 | 0.28 |
| 56 | Gibson | 10654 | 0.28 |
| 57 | Russell | 10012 | 0.27 |
| 58 | McIntyre | 9875 | 0.26 |
| 59 | Muir | 9853 | 0.26 |
| 60 | White | 9622 | 0.26 |
| 61 | Craig | 9613 | 0.26 |
| 62 | Kennedy | 9342 | 0.25 |
| 63 | Johnstone | 9323 | 0.25 |
| 64 | Watt | 9199 | 0.25 |
| 65 | Stevenson | 9179 | 0.25 |
| 66 | Millar | 9073 | 0.24 |
| 67 | Marshall | 9071 | 0.24 |
| 68 | Crawford | 8842 | 0.24 |
| 69 | Ritchie | 8513 | 0.23 |
| 70 | Williamson | 8445 | 0.23 |
| 71 | Bruce | 8327 | 0.22 |
| 72 | Wood | 8183 | 0.22 |
| 73 | Wright | 8069 | 0.22 |
| 74 | Alexander | 7864 | 0.21 |
| 75 | Kelly | 7843 | 0.21 |
| 76 | Forbes | 7790 | 0.21 |
| 77 | Christie | 7752 | 0.21 |
| 78 | Dickson | 7750 | 0.21 |
| 79 | Douglas | 7504 | 0.20 |
| 80 | Hay | 7496 | 0.20 |
| 81 | Lindsay | 7273 | 0.19 |
| 82 | McKinnon | 7151 | 0.19 |
| 83 | Cunningham | 7117 | 0.19 |
| 84 | Jamieson | 7022 | 0.19 |
| 85 | McKie | 6961 | 0.19 |
| 86 | Aitken | 6959 | 0.19 |
| 87 | McLaren | 6859 | 0.18 |
| 88 | Shaw | 6592 | 0.18 |
| 89 | Burns | 6563 | 0.18 |
| 90 | Boyd | 6559 | 0.18 |
| 91 | Fleming | 6543 | 0.17 |
| 92 | McRae | 6534 | 0.17 |
| 93 | McDougall | 6445 | 0.17 |
| 94 | Currie | 6444 | 0.17 |
| 95 | Donaldson | 6354 | 0.17 |
| 96 | Bain | 6352 | 0.17 |
| 97 | McCallum | 6261 | 0.17 |
| 98 | Chalmers | 6255 | 0.17 |
| 99 | Buchanan | 6246 | 0.17 |
| 100 | Weir | 6124 | 0.16 |
* Statistics based on the 1881 census
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