Scotland Family History Records

Scotland Genealogical Records

Birth & Baptism

Scotland Birth & Baptism Records

Searchable database
Baptism Registers of Scotland (1553-1871)

The baptism registers of Scotland provide details of births from to . Entries usually record parents' names (with mother's maiden name) and date of birth and/or baptism.

Searchable database
British Army Birth Index (1761-2005)

An index to births registered to British Army personal at home and abroad.

Searchable database
Birth Notices from The Times (1983-2003)

An index to over 100,000 birth and christening notices from The London Times.

Finding aid
British Maritime Births (1867-1960)

An index to children born to British parents at sea. The index contains the name of both parents, child's name, date of birth and other details. Provides a reference to order a birth certificate.

Finding aid
British National Born at Sea (1854-1887)

An index to children born to British parents at sea. The index contains the name of both parents, child's name, date of birth and other details. Provides a reference to order a birth certificate.

Marriage & Divorce

Scotland Marriage & Divorce Records

Searchable database
Marriage Registers of Scotland (1553-1885)

The marriage registers of Scotland are the primary source for marriage details before civil registration. A full index to names with original images of the registers are available between and .

Searchable database
British Army Marriage Index (1796-2005)

An index to marriages registered for British Army personal at home and abroad.

Searchable database
Marriage Notices from The Times (1982-2004)

An index to over 80,000 marriage and engagement notices from The London Times.

Searchable database
Gretna Green Marriage Registers (1794-1895)

A full name index connected to original images of the marriage registers of Gretna Green, Scotland. These registers contain thousands of records for couples from England and Wales who interloped to the Scottish borders to circumvent laws governing marriages in England and Wales.

Finding aid
British Nationals Married Overseas (1818-2005)

An index to marriages of British citizens overseas that were registered with the British Consul or High Commissioner Provides a reference that can be used to order a marriage certificate.

Death & Burial

Scotland Death & Burial Records

Searchable database
Burial Registers of Scotland (1549-1920)

The burial registers of Scotland provide details of deaths from to . Entries usually record no more than the deceased's name; occasionally an age and cause of death are given.

Searchable database
British Army Death Index (1796-2005)

An index to deaths of British Army personal at home and abroad.

Searchable database
Jewish Online Worldwide Burial Registry (1550-Present)

A searchable database of over 1 million Jewish burials with photographs of the matzevot.

Searchable database
Death Notices from The Times (1982-1988)

An index to over 54,000 death notices and obituaries from The London Times.

Searchable database
Maritime Deaths (1794-1964)

A name index linked to images of original documents detailing around 950,000 deaths of those who worked on the seas and related industries.

Church

Scotland Church Records

Searchable database
Old Parish Registers of Scotland (1549-1920)

Index to names and images of the original baptism registers of Scotland. They commonly record the date of birth or baptism with parents' names (often including the mother's maiden name).

Searchable database
Crockford's Clerical Directories (1868-1914)

Brief biographies of Anglican clergy in the UK.

Finding aid
Scottish Covenanters Index (1660-1690)

An index to thousands of Scots who were persecuted for not recognising the King as head of the Scottish Church. Contains details of their baptism and references to sources detailing their persecution

Searchable database
Crockford's Clerical Directory (1929)

A directory listing Anglican parishes and other divisions of the Church or England hierarchy and their various religious officers. The directory covers the UK and Anglican churches throughout the world.

Searchable database
Clergy List 1896 (1896)

Brief biographical details on all Anglican clergy in Britain & the Episcopal Church in Scotland.

Census & Population Lists

Scotland Census & Population Lists

Searchable database
Scotland 1901 Census (1901)

The 1901 census gives details on 4.5 million people living in Scotland in 1901. Details include, age, birthplace, occupation, relationships to others, disabilities and more. Each person is indexed and linked to images of the original schedules.

Searchable database
1901 British Census (1901)

The 1901 census provides details on an individual's age, residence, place of birth, relations and occupation. FindMyPast's index allows searches on for multiple metrics including occupation and residence.

Searchable database
Scotland 1891 Census (1891)

The 1891 census gives details on 4 million people living in Scotland in 1891. Details include, age, birthplace, occupation, relationships to others, disabilities and more. Each person is indexed and linked to images of the original schedules.

Searchable database
1891 British Census (1891)

The 1891 census provides details on an individual's age, residence, place of birth, relations and occupation. FindMyPast's index allows searches on for multiple metrics including occupation and residence.

Searchable database
Scotland 1881 Census (1881)

The 1881 census gives details on 3.75 million people living in Scotland in 1881. Details include, age, birthplace, occupation, relationships to others, disabilities and more. Each person is indexed and linked to images of the original schedules.

Wills & Probate

Scotland Wills & Probate Records

Searchable database
Prerogative Court of Canterbury Wills (PPV) (1384-1858)

A index to testators whose will was proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. They principally cover those who lived in the lower two thirds of Britain, but contain wills for residents of Scotland, Ireland, British India and other countries. A copy of each will may be purchased for digital download.

Searchable database
Prerogative Court of Canterbury Wills (Subscription) (1384-1858)

An index and digital images of PCC wills, available on a subscription basis.

Newspapers

Newspapers Covering Scotland

Searchable database
London Daily News (1846-1900)

A 'radical' newspaper founded and initially edited by Charles Dickens. Regularly published birth, marriage and death announcements.

Searchable database
The Edinburgh Gazette (1820-Present)

An index connected to pages of the the official newspaper of record of Scotland. It contains numerous official notices from government, ecclesiastical bodies, legal firms, businesses and individuals. Contains many probate and insolvency notices.

Searchable database
Cobbett's Weekly Political Register (1802-1836)

Essentially a collection of lengthy, early political columns on any number of topics. The columns have a focus on political reforms.

Searchable database
Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper (1842-1900)

A moderate liberal newspaper published in London, but covering news throughout the British Empire. Regularly published births, marriages and deaths.

Searchable database
The Times of London (1788-1833)

A collection of the first 45 years editions of The Times. Early editions only contain family and personal notices for the upper class, but contain many notices on business and legal proceedings.

Obituaries

Scotland Obituaries

Searchable database
iAnnounce Obituaries (2006-Present)

The UKs largest repository of obituaries, containing millions of searchable notices.

Finding aid
United Kingdom and Ireland Obituary Collection (1882-Present)

A growing collection currently containing over 425,000 abstracts of obituaries with reference to the location of the full obituary.

Searchable database
Quakers Annual Monitor (1847-1848)

A collection of 364 obituaries of Quakers from the British Isles. The volume was published in 1849 and includes obituaries of those who died in late 1847 through 1848.

Searchable database
Musgrave's Obituaries (1421-1800)

This transcribed and searchable work by Sir William Musgrave contains 10,000s of brief obituaries. The work is a reference point for other works containing information on an individual.

Cemeteries

Scotland Cemeteries

Searchable database
Billion Graves (1200-Present)

Photographs and transcriptions of millions of gravestones from cemeteries around the world.

Directories & Gazetteers

Scotland Directories & Gazetteers

Searchable database
Slater's Directory of Scottish Counties (1921)

Historical and contemporary descriptions of settlements, detailing their governance, churches, schools etc.; to which is appended lists of residents, with their occupations.

Searchable database
Slater's Directory of Scottish Counties (1893)

Historical and contemporary descriptions of settlements, detailing their governance, churches, schools etc.; to which is appended lists of residents, with their occupations.

Searchable database
Thom's British Directory (1873)

A directory of the court, parliament, aristocracy, mayors, civil service, military, militia and banks in the British Empire.

Searchable database
National Directory, Scotland and Isle Of Man (1860)

Historical and contemporary descriptions of settlements, detailing their governance, churches, schools etc.; to which is appended lists of residents, with their occupations.

Searchable database
Holden's Annual London and Country Directory (1811)

An alphabetical directory to London & county town's businesses & private residents, with occupation and residence. Also includes brief descriptions of hundreds of towns supplemented by lists of leading private and commercial residents.

Court & Legal
Searchable database
Register of The Privy Council of Scotland (1545-1632)

The Privicy Council dealt with a wide spectrum of issues pertaining to administration, the economy, politics and social affairs.

Searchable database
Licences of Parole for Female Convicts (1853-1887)

Details on the parole and revocation thereof, of over 4,400 female prisoners.

Searchable database
Perry's Bankrupt Gazette (1828-1867)

A publication giving brief details of bankruptcies, including the names of parties and companies involed.

Book: On-line or in-print
Edinburgh Commissariot Processes and Decreets (1658-1800)

A calendar to records detailing the proceedings of numerous cases, particularly marriage, divorce, separation and legitimacy. These records cover all of Scotland.

Searchable database
Register of the Great Seal of Scotland (1306-1651)

Transcripts of charters granted by the Great Seal of Scotland. Largely consists of royal grants of lands and confirmations. In Latin.

Taxation

Scotland Taxation Records

Searchable database
Duties Paid for Apprentices' Indentures (1710-1811)

An index linked to original images of registers recording apprenticeship indentures. Details are given on the trade and nature of apprenticeship. Many records list the parents of the apprentice.

Book: On-line or in-print
Revenues of Excise Settlement & Customs in Scotland (1656)

A report detailing the manner in which customs and excise are dealt with in Scotland.

Land & Property

Scotland Land & Property Records

Searchable database
Landowners of Scotland (1873)

A list of people who owned more than one acre of land in Scotland. Lists a landowner's residence, acreage and estimated gross yearly rental.

Searchable database
Perthshire Cess, Stent and Valuation Rolls (1650-1899)

A collection of various land valuation documents extending as far back as 1650, but primarily covering the period after 1884. Useful for establishing the ancestry of land owners and their tenants.

Searchable database
UK Poll Books and Electoral Rolls (1538-1893)

Poll books record the names of voters and the direction of their vote. Until 1872 only landholders could vote, so not everyone will be listed. Useful for discerning an ancestor's political leanings and landholdings. The collection is supplemented with other records relating to the vote.

Book: On-line or in-print
Calendar of Writs Preserved at Yester House (1166-1625)

Detailed abstracts of early legal records covering numerous topics. The records cover many Scottish counties, but predominately those in the vicinity of Edinburgh.

Occupations & Business

Scotland Occupation & Business Records

Searchable database
UK Medical Registers (1859-1959)

Books listing doctors who were licensed to operate in Britain and abroad. Contains doctor's residencies, qualification and date of registration.

Searchable database
Railway Employment Records (1833-1963)

A rich collection of records documenting those who worked for railway companies that were later absorbed by the government. Records include: staff registers, station transfers, pensions, accident records, apprentice records, caution books, and memos. Records may include date of birth, date of death and name of father.

Searchable database
Royal Navy Medical Journals (1817-1857)

Indexed medical journals from British ships containing personal and medical details of patients. The journals list names, ages, rank/status, diseases, illness duration and notes on symptoms and treatment. Contains details on military men as well as people immigrating or being deported to colonies.

Searchable database
British Postal Service Appointment Books (1737-1969)

This collection gives brief details on the appointment of over 1.4 million people who worked for the Post Office. Includes references to corresponding data in the Postmaster General’s minute books and is a starting point for research in the rich archive of the British Postal Museum.

Searchable database
Duties Paid for Apprentices' Indentures (1710-1811)

An index linked to original images of registers recording apprenticeship indentures. Details are given on the trade and nature of apprenticeship. Many records list the parents of the apprentice.

Schools & Education

Scotland School & Education Records

Searchable database
Oxford University Alumni (1500-1886)

A name index linked to original images of short biographies for over 120,000 Oxford University students. This is a particularly useful source for tracing the ancestry of the landed gentry.

Searchable database
Cambridge University Alumni (1261-1900)

A transcript of a vast scholarly work briefly chronicling the heritage, education and careers of over 150,000 Cambridge University students. This is a particularly useful source for tracing the ancestry of the landed gentry.

Searchable database
Official List of Registered Teachers (1917)

A directory of registered teachers – their current school and date of registration. Also contains details on officers and operations of the Teachers Registration Council.

Searchable database
Beeton's Dictionary of Universal Biography (6000 BC-1879)

A collection of biographies (some with portraits) from throughout the world.

Pedigrees & Family Trees

Pedigrees & Family Trees Covering Scotland

British & Irish Royal & Noble Genealogies (491-1603)

Extensive and impeccably sourced genealogies for British, Irish & Manx royalty and nobility. Scroll down to 'British Isles' for relevant sections.

Searchable database
FamilySearch Community Trees (6000 BC-Present)

A searchable database of linked genealogies compiled from thousands of reputable and not-so-reputable sources. Contains many details on European gentry & nobility, but covers many countries outside Europe and people from all walks of life.

Searchable database
Ancestry Member Family Trees (6000 BC-Present)

A compilation of lineage-linked family trees submitted by Ancestry users. The database contains over 2 billion individuals and is searchable by numerous metrics.

Searchable database
Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal (1312-1899)

A lengthy working charting the descendants of Edward III, of England by the esteemed genealogist, The Marquis of Ruvigny. Contains much information from family archives.

Searchable database
Burke's Family Records (1120-1897)

Lineages and biographies for noted families not eligible to be listed in Burke's Peerage or Landed Gentry publications.

Royalty, Nobility & Heraldry

Scotland Royalty, Nobility & Heraldry Records

British & Irish Royal & Noble Genealogies (491-1603)

Extensive and impeccably sourced genealogies for British, Irish & Manx royalty and nobility. Scroll down to 'British Isles' for relevant sections.

Searchable database
FamilySearch Community Trees (6000 BC-Present)

A searchable database of linked genealogies compiled from thousands of reputable and not-so-reputable sources. Contains many details on European gentry & nobility, but covers many countries outside Europe and people from all walks of life.

Searchable database
The General Armory of Britain and Ireland (1884)

A dictionary of British & Irish coats of arms.

Searchable database
Portraits of Illustrious Personages (1502-1802)

Lengthy biographies accompanied by portraits of notable persons from British History. Primary covers royalty and nobility.

Searchable database
Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal (1312-1899)

A lengthy working charting the descendants of Edward III, of England by the esteemed genealogist, The Marquis of Ruvigny. Contains much information from family archives.

Military

Scotland Military Records

Searchable database
Prisoners of War of British Army (1939-1945)

A searchable list of over 100,000 British Army POWs. Records contains details on the captured, their military career and where they were held prisoner.

Searchable database
British Prisoners of World War II (1939-1945)

Details on around 165,000 men serving in the British Army, Navy and Air Force who were held as prisoners during WWII.

Searchable database
British Army WWI Medal Rolls (1914-1920)

Index and original images of over 5 million medal index cards for British soldiers It can be searched by individual's name, Coprs, Unit and Regiment. Due to the loss of many WWI service records, this is the most complete source for British WWI soldiers

Searchable database
British Army WWI Service Records (1914-1920)

This rich collection contains contains records for 1.9 million non-commissioned officers and other ranks who fought in WWI. Due to bomb damage in WWI, around 60% of service records were lost. Documents cover: enlistment, medical status, injuries, conduct, awards and discharge. A great deal of genealogical and biographical documentation can be found in these documents, including details on entire families, physical descriptions and place of birth.

Searchable database
Silver War Badges (1914-1920)

An index to nearly 900,000 military personnel who were awarded the Silver War Badge for sustaining injures. Records include rank, regimental number, unit, dates of enlistment and discharge, and reason for discharge.

Immigration & Travel

Scotland Immigration & Travel Records

Searchable database
Passenger Lists Leaving UK (1890-1960)

A name index connected to original images of passenger lists recording people travelling from Britain to destinations outside Europe. Records may detail a passenger's age or date of birth, residence, occupation, destination and more.

Searchable database
UK Incoming Passenger Lists (1878-1960)

A full index of passenger lists for vessels arriving in the UK linked to original images. Does not include lists from vessels sailing from European ports. Early entries can be brief, but later entries may include dates of births, occupations, home addresses and more. Useful for documenting immigration.

Searchable database
17th Century British Emigrants to the U.S. (1600-1700)

Details on thousands of 17th century British immigrants to the U.S., detailing their origins and nature of their immigration.

Searchable database
Migration from North America to Britain & Ireland (1858-1870)

A list of over 40,000 passengers traveling from North America to the British Isles. Details of passengers may include: occupation, nationality, gender, age, martial status, class, destination, and details of the vessel they sailed on.

Searchable database
Aliens Entry Books (1794-1921)

An un-indexed collection of over 100,000 documents of correspondence and other documents of the Home Office and the Aliens Office. Contains a great deal of information on aliens and those who applied for naturalisation.

Histories

Scotland Histories & Books

Searchable database
Geograph: Photos of the UK and Ireland (2005-Present)

A growing database including millions of photographs of the United Kingdom, Isle of Man and Ireland catalogued by latitude & longitude and OS grid reference.

Searchable database
UK & Ireland Historical Postcards (1885-1950)

Over 19,000 postcards depicting places in the UK & Ireland.

Searchable database
A Vision of Britain (1190-Present)

A sprawling website setting out and describing the historical divisions of Britain. Also contains countless maps of various sorts. Covers the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man & has fleeting details of other localities.

Searchable database
Ancestry Member Stories (6000 BC-Present)

Over 7 million remembrances and historic details submitted by Ancestry members. Useful for local historians.

Searchable database
Ancestry Member Photos & Documents (6000 BC-Present)

Over 60 million historic photographs and documents submitted to Ancestry. This rich collection contains many rare sources of interest to local historians and will be relevant to most genealogical research.

Biographies

Biographical Directories Covering Scotland

Searchable database
Oxford University Alumni (1500-1886)

A name index linked to original images of short biographies for over 120,000 Oxford University students. This is a particularly useful source for tracing the ancestry of the landed gentry.

Searchable database
Cambridge University Alumni (1261-1900)

A transcript of a vast scholarly work briefly chronicling the heritage, education and careers of over 150,000 Cambridge University students. This is a particularly useful source for tracing the ancestry of the landed gentry.

Searchable database
Crockford's Clerical Directories (1868-1914)

Brief biographies of Anglican clergy in the UK.

Jacobites of North East Scotland (1715-1745)

A compendium of biographies of thousands of Scottish Jacobites.

Searchable database
The Concise Dictionary of National Biography (1654-1930)

A directory containing lengthy biographies of noted British figures. The work took over two decades to compile. Biographies can be searched by name and are linked to images of the original publication.

Maps

Scotland Maps

Searchable database
A Vision of Britain (1190-Present)

A sprawling website setting out and describing the historical divisions of Britain. Also contains countless maps of various sorts. Covers the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man & has fleeting details of other localities.

Maps of Scotland (1564-1900)

Digital images of maps covering the country.

Old Maps Online (1497-2010)

An interactive index to thousands of maps covering the world, continents, countries and regions. The majority of maps cover Britain and Ireland.

Reference

Scotland Reference Works

Scotland Research Guide (1538-Present)

A beginner’s guide to researching ancestry in Scotland.

Building History Research Guide (1066-Present)

A comprehensive guide to researching the history of buildings in the British Isles.

Searchable database
Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry (1200-1700)

A dictionary of words used in heraldry, supplemented with over 1,000 illustrations.

Book: On-line or in-print
How to Trace a Royal Descent (1066-1908)

A guide on how to trace your descent from English monarchs.

Scotland Historical Information & Demographics

Scotland Information

Scotland Historical Descriptions

Historical Description

Scotland is the Northern part of Great Brittain, and separated from England by the River Tweede, and Solway, and the Hills extending from the one to the other. It is in length 480 miles, but of small breadth, no place being distant from the Sea above 60 miles.

Division

This Countrey is divided into 25 Shires; the Cities and Towns whereof are neither fair nor many.

In general, their Towns and Cities for number, building, or pleasantness, are not comparable to those in England; neither are their Gentlemens or Noblemens Houses so frequent, or so stately built, as the better sort of the English. For their Villages, they are of Clay, covered with Straw, being much more frequent than in England, yet not so commodious within. Among the Kings Palaces, that of Edenburgh and Sterling for building, and Fawlkland for pleasure of hunting, are chief.

Fertility

On the West-side of this Countrey are many Woods, Mountains, and Lakes; on the East-side toward the Sea it is fruitfull in Corn, especially in Barley and Oats. It abounds in Fish, and hath plenty of Cattel, yet not so big as ours; their Horses are little, but full of spirit, and patient of labour.

Natures of the People

The People in general are much given to Venery: those that inhabit the South, are the best, and civillest, and speak the English Language; but those in the Northern part are savage and uncivil, termed Silvesters.

About Scotland in the Irish Ocean are above 40 Islands, termed Merania and Hebrides: the biggest of these in length exceeds not 30 miles, and in breadth not above 12; the chief whereof is Pomonia, well known by the Episcopal Seat, and yielding both Tin and Lead.

A Geographical Description of the World by George Meriton (1634-1711), written: 1671
Most Common Surnames in Scotland

Surnames Found in Scotland

RankSurnameNo. of People% of Population
1Smith527071.41
2McDonald474871.27
3Robertson411711.10
4Brown410711.10
5Wilson377401.01
6Campbell373651.00
7Thomson350690.94
8Stewart348060.93
9Anderson340310.91
10McKenzie295340.79
11Scott277450.74
12Reid239360.64
13McKay238240.64
14Ross228600.61
15Fraser222660.59
16Murray220620.59
17McLean207920.56
18McLeod200990.54
19Young200590.54
20Cameron198950.53
21Henderson195000.52
22Clark190440.51
23Taylor189480.51
24Mitchell185320.50
25Paterson183860.49
26Watson181950.49
27Morrison176900.47
28Walker174350.47
29Miller166800.45
30Davidson164850.44
31Duncan159700.43
32Gray153990.41
33Johnston152440.41
34Ferguson151950.41
35Grant151430.40
36Hunter146660.39
37Hamilton141410.38
38Allan137250.37
39Simpson133630.36
40Graham131680.35
41Kerr129630.35
42Bell128010.34
43McGregor126800.34
44Black125070.33
45Sutherland124900.33
46Martin119190.32
47Munro117820.31
48Sinclair116840.31
49Gordon113380.30
50McIntosh113080.30
51Milne112070.30
52McFarlane111440.30
53McPherson109060.29
54McMillan108840.29
55Wallace106550.28
56Gibson106540.28
57Russell100120.27
58McIntyre98750.26
59Muir98530.26
60White96220.26
61Craig96130.26
62Kennedy93420.25
63Johnstone93230.25
64Watt91990.25
65Stevenson91790.25
66Millar90730.24
67Marshall90710.24
68Crawford88420.24
69Ritchie85130.23
70Williamson84450.23
71Bruce83270.22
72Wood81830.22
73Wright80690.22
74Alexander78640.21
75Kelly78430.21
76Forbes77900.21
77Christie77520.21
78Dickson77500.21
79Douglas75040.20
80Hay74960.20
81Lindsay72730.19
82McKinnon71510.19
83Cunningham71170.19
84Jamieson70220.19
85McKie69610.19
86Aitken69590.19
87McLaren68590.18
88Shaw65920.18
89Burns65630.18
90Boyd65590.18
91Fleming65430.17
92McRae65340.17
93McDougall64450.17
94Currie64440.17
95Donaldson63540.17
96Bain63520.17
97McCallum62610.17
98Chalmers62550.17
99Buchanan62460.17
100Weir61240.16

* Statistics based on the 1881 census